What was the first part of the Qur'ān to be revealed

By موحدة


بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم

Definitely and firmly the first ʾĀyāt which were sent down constitute the first 5 ʾĀyāt of sūrah Al-'Alaq. Then afterwards there was a pause in the revelation for a while and then Allāh سُبْحٰنَهُۥ وَتَعٰلى sent the first 5 ʾĀyāt of sūrah al-Muddaththir.

It's reported in Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī and Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim on the authority of ʿĀʾishah, may Allāh be Pleased with her, concerning the beginning of revelation, she said the Truth descended upon him while he was in the cave of Hira'. The angel came to him and asked him to read.The Prophet (ﷺ) replied, " ‏‏ مَا أَنَا بِقَارِئٍ ‏" (I do not know how to read) and she went on mentioning the rest of the ḥadīth and within it she says- and then he said- ٱقۡرَأۡ بِٱسۡمِ رَبِّكَ ٱلَّذِى خَلَقَ until the 5th ʾĀyah عَلَّمَ ٱلۡإِنسَٰنَ مَا لَمۡ يَعۡلَمۡ 

Also within Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī and Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim Jaabir, may Allāh be Pleased with him and his father, said that the Prophet ﷺ while speaking about the time inspiration began, he said while I was walking I heard something from above.... and then he(Jaabir) went on mentioning a narration in it and there he mentioned, Allāh sent down the first 5 ʾĀyāt of sūrah al-Muddaththir.

In a Ḥadīth in the two authentic books it is mentioned that Jaabir was asked by Abu salamah ibn Abdur Raḥmān, "What part of the Quran was revealed first?" Jaabir replied : " يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلۡمُدَّثِّرُ " So Abu salamah responded saying: "I was told that the first revealation was actually ' ٱقۡرَأۡ بِٱسۡمِ رَبِّكَ ٱلَّذِى خَلَقَ ' " Jaabir answered: I don't tell you except that which the Messenger ﷺ spoke of. He ﷺ said "When I was in seclusion in the cave of Hira' and when I completed my seclusion period, I came down from the cave and I heard a voice calling me..." until he mentioned that he returned to Khadīja and said " 'wrap me and pour cold water on me' and then it was revealed :

 يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلۡمُدَّثِّرُ 
O you (Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم) enveloped in garments!
قُمۡ فَأَنذِرۡ 
Arise and warn!
وَرَبَّكَ فَكَبِّرۡ 
And magnify your Lord (Allâh)!
وَثِيَابَكَ فَطَهِّرۡ 
And purify your garments!
وَٱلرُّجۡزَ فَٱهۡجُرۡ 
And keep away from Ar-Rujz (the idols)!

this first which is mentioned here by Jaabir is the first revealed concerning something particular, so this would be restricted and it is the first in regards to what came after the pause in the revelation.
What was revealed in Sūrah Al 'Alaq affirmed the Prophethood of the Prophet ﷺ and what was sent in Sūrah Al-Muddaththir established his role of being a Messenger.

As some of the people of knowledge said that he ﷺ was made a Prophet with : 
ٱقۡرَأۡ
Read

And he was made a Messenger with :

يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلۡمُدَّثِّرُ 
O you (Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم) enveloped in garments!

—
©️ Picture: from unsplash 

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